T R A I N I N G R I D E S Turn Sheets turnsheet template download submit Waiver of Liabiltiy MS Word Format PDF Safety Speech EmergencyInfoCard.html Answering Machine Script Lunch Order Sheet [xl] what to bring to a trainingride Heat / Cold Index creating community C A L E N D A R upload new calendar E D U C A T I O N so you're leading your first ride Route Planning Turnsheet Template (excel 98) TRL equipment Bike Anatomy 10Commandments.htm r i d e r - t i p s h e e t s carbo.html ElementalEating.html FirstAidKits.html FluidIntake.html Group Riding.htm HillClimbingTurnBack.doc Pedal Circles.html Stretching.html TimedividedbyEffort.html WHATHILLS.doc C O M M U N I C A T I O N S send e-mail to all TRL's list of all TRL's name / phone / email meeting minutes disclaimer	THE HEAT INDEX BNY Training rides are cancelled when the heat index is 105 or higher. The Heat Index is the opposite of "wind chill". The Heat Index combines the effects of heat and humidity. Warm temperatures feel even warmer when it is humid. In about 1980 the NWS made the following guideline recommendations, based on temperature and relative humidity information, but without reference to the effects of wind and sunshine: 80 to 90 degrees Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. 90 to 105 degrees Sunstroke, heat cramps, and heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and or physical activity. 105 to 130 degrees Sunstroke, heat cramps or heat exhaustion likely, and heatstroke possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity. 130 degrees and higher Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with continued exposure.
	The NWS does not use adjustments for the effects of sunlight and wind (but the assumption of a 5.8 mph wind is "built" into the NWS heat index… Instead, the NWS just states that "Exposure to full sunshine can increase heat index values by up to 15°F. They do state that "strong winds, particularly with very hot, dry air, can be extremely hazardous". The relationship between athletes and heat stress can be broken down into four elements: 1. The degree of environmental heat stress (air temperature, relative humidity, wind, radiant heat) 2. The athlete's metabolic rate (how hard he is working) 3. The athlete's overall fitness (as judged by ability to take up oxygen) 4. The athlete's ability to endure/dissipate heat (related to acclimatization and genetic factors). Performance stress being applied to the athlete. There is absolutely no doubt that heat stress is cumulative. An athlete who has been exposed to high heat stress on one day is clearly at increased risk of heat injury the next day, even if temperatures are cooler. In multi-day events, there must be adequate spacing for recovery. Furthermore, prolonged same-day exposure to high heat stress, even at a relatively low effort level, takes a significant toll. The athlete who sees an event as life-or-death will have a significant likelihood of continuing to maintain a high effort level even when his core temperature is rising It must also be remembered that: In severe heat injury athlete confusion is likely The degree of confusion appears to increase linearly with increasing core temperature Relying on the good judgment of the athlete regarding his ability to continue exercise is an unsound policy
	Sweat, Perspiration and Glow Sweat is 99% water. It contains sodium at a concentration of 20 to 100 mEq/. The sweat concentration of sodium is genetically determined, and can be considerably decreased with physical training. As an athlete becomes heat acclimatized, the sodium concentration of sweat decreases, sweating begins earlier in exercise, and sweating is more copious. Therefore, a "heat-hardened" athlete will have an even greater need for water intake during exercise than one who is not similarly well-conditioned. Sweat losses during vigorous exercise in hot weather can be as high as 3L/hour. Such losses pose serious problems for the athlete, since gut absorption of water may be only 0.8-1.25 L/hour. In other words, the athlete may lose as much as 6.6 pounds per hour via sweating while being able to replace only 2.2 pounds per hour by absorbing fluids. Athletic events associated with high sweat rates for several hours guarantee player dehydration. If dehydration reaches a critical level, blood pressure will fall, sweating will decrease, core temperature will rise, and (if the athlete continues vigorous effort in the face of multi-system compromise) severe illness or death will inevitably follow. For sweat to have its beneficial cooling effect, it must evaporate. The sweat which drips to the ground at the feet of the athlete is water wasted. Wiping sweat from the face and hands provides comfort and a better grip, but little cooling. The athlete's sweat-drenched shirt offers mute testimony to the ineffectiveness of his sweating. In fact, the saturated shirt becomes a barrier to effective evaporation, and will lead to even more heat storage and temperature-control difficulty. There can be no doubt that the most ancient of papyrus manuscripts referring to weather must contain the phrase, "It's not the heat, it's the humidity."